Leadership Involve Combination Of Direct †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Leadership Skills Involve Combination Of Direct? Answer: Introduction: I have eventually come across many bosses while doing part time jobs for years as a student. However, I have selected to discuss about my present boss Dr. David Lew, a chiropractor in Chiropractic Health and Wellness Clinic. Effective leadership is often the leadership that considers the needs of the individuals and implements small changes that bring a huge difference so that the quality and productivity of work can be improved (Fowler 2011). According to me, my boss pursues an empathetic behaviour for his subordinates and implements required changes as well. My boss has demonstrated his good leadership skills for his subordinates and that is what has stuck me because I have faced many unpleasant bosses and that is why I consider him an effective leader. The journey of success in his work is because of his patients who have much faith in him that they will get full recovery under his treatment. This essay aims to discuss and identify the leadership style of my boss and utilize the same to enhance my leadership skills. Observation: Having worked with Dr. Liew for the past two years it is very easier for me to interact with him. In the next part of this essay, I will be discussing about my observation about Dr. Liews leadership skill, behavioral aspects. Leadership: Dr. Liews leadership skills involve combination of direct, supporting and participatory behaviour. Direct as he guides his subordinates about the task and makes them match the standard. He is supportive because he reaches out to his subordinates and remains concerned about them. He has participatory behaviour because he trusts his employees and believes that every individual has the ability to take proper decisions for them. According to the Ohio state university studies, he is marked in the consideration category because he displays his concern towards his employees and has a friendly behaviour for them. He is the person who takes care of his employees and consults them in the decision making process regarding any improvements of the business. Behaviour: In my opinion, Dr. Liew pursues both relationship and task oriented approach but his relationship approach is more highlighted. His task oriented approach deals with allotting tasks to me as well as other employees along with a discussion on how it needs to be done. He mainly pursues interpersonal leadership skill but has no negligence towards the actual tasks as well. Few personality traits make an effective leader and for describing my boss, I would like to use the words like self-confident, enthusiastic, trustworthy, assertive and warm natured person. He has a confident approach towards his capabilities as a chiropractor and in managing his subordinates; this makes us spread the positive vibe of his abilities in the doubtful patients. His self-confident nature warms up to be confident while delivering answer to every query regarding treatments. He is enthusiastic towards his work and always enjoys whatever he does. He trusts us that we will carry our duties and work properly and will ensure honesty so that it leads to good culture within the workplace. He always hears the concern of the employees and he implies the fact that he is happy to have our participation in the company. He explains his assertiveness in a formal way when he has different opinions about any issue and this is an uncommon trait as there are few persons who care about others peoples demands. His task related approach describes that he is passionate about his work. When I enquired him about his level of comfort in longs hours of work he revealed his pride about his work and said that it makes him happy to make patients feel better. This point of his behaviour influenced me to enjoy my work even I am having long hours. He has flexible approach towards every change and towards situations as well. I learned about this flexibility when he allowed me to take offs for my exams even if he had the trouble to arrange my replacement. He does not even show his unhappiness when anyone of his employees are unable to visit office and he tries to make up the situation by finding any worthy solution instead of being aggressive about the change. Pursuing graduation, I wanted to work for full time, Dr. Liew advised me about my life, and he made me face the truth that in spite of working hard we will often face problem that would lead us to, not reach our goals. At the same time, he revealed that in spite of wanting to be a heart doctor, changes in law blocked his roads and he had to focus of chiropractic studies. Unable to fulfil his dream he adapted to the change and established himself. In his opinion, people needs to pick them up after they fall down and look forward to what fate has for them. Power and influence: Power is the capability to do things in a desired manner (Salancik and Pfeffer 1977). By observing Dr Liew, I realized that he uses two types of each positive position power and personal power for getting work done. Being the boss of the company, he already has legitimate power and this makes his subordinates follow his decisions. However, he timely praises the employees for their good work and this is what keeps us motivated and energetic towards our work. He does not possess authority on us and does not pursue coercive power. The stems of his power are expanded from being a chiropractor to being a boss. We follow his knowledge and abilities and admire his struggle that he went through in his life to achieve this stage. Influence is often defined as a change of behaviour, which holds an individual among others (Lucas and Baxter 2011). Dr Liew has much influenced his employees with his power whereby he is liked and able to gather respect, interest and esteem from others. His personality does not make him go and talk down to people because of his authority, and he does not expect people to work over tasks. He uses rational thought to tell us how something is to be done, and this makes us accept his influence due to his logics for any specific matter. He is never aggressive even if he has the authority to do so. He thinks that being a part of his company, we are helping him out and that is why he helps us too in our personal or professional matters and guides us to the right way. He always guides me with many life decisions and reminds me that there are very few things in life, that goes according to our wish and that is why we need to adapt changes and accept what fate has for us. Doing this will make our life easier and we will able to accept everything in a calm manner. His leadership guides us to enjoy our work even if we get long shifts because he taught us that we must learn to love what we are doing rather than giving up our interest and doing the work just for the sake that it has to be done. I have learnt many things from him, which will help me, enhance my leadership skill and be a good leader as well as an individual in my life. His thoughts help me to trust others and be supportive towards others problems. Interview: The following part is the discussion of the interview of Dr. Liew who made me glad by giving the opportunity to interview him about his leadership skills. I asked him for the interview in order to increase my knowledge about leadership skills. Leadership style: Dr. Liew described himself to be a leader who has flexibility, which means he has very few demands expect the quality work from his employees. He described that he has flexible approach towards every change in the organisation and towards every burning situations as well if he sees that it can be handled. According to him, we must stay calm on a matter that can be managed because managing something is more important that behaving in an aggressive manner for the reason it happened. He never believes in autocratic leadership and he said that he had allowed me to take offs for my exams even if he had the trouble to arrange my replacement because of his flexible nature. He again depicts the fact that he does not even show his unhappiness when not anyone of his employees visits office for any certain reason and at the moment he tries to make up the situation by finding any alternate solution instead of being aggressive about the off. This is because the absence can be taken to considerati on later but work will not stop due to someones absence. He believes that involvement of the employees in the decision making process of the company, they will be more motivated to work and give their best for the company. I have got the evidence for this because there are many times when he allots us some work but do not guide us about the ways it needs to be done as he trusts that we will not do the thing wrong for proving him that his trust is at the right place. This often helps him take our test about how we can manage work all by us without depending on him every time. This process helps us to gain confidence about our work and we get adapted to some work that we did not have faith that we would have been able to do any time. However, he pursues different thought for the employees who are not able to match the standards because he thinks that those employees need good guidance and support rather than space, which is thought to be helpful for doing things on their own. He prefers leadership as a manner that can be led by someone else Deckop, Cirka, Andersson 2003). He thinks that all his employees are his family and he shows helpful and friendly behaviour and trust towards them. He believes that by practising proper interpersonal relationship he will be able to influence the commitment of the employees towards their work and let them do their work with interest and not for any command of their leader. He thinks that in his company people will work with interest and not only because they will have to do it. He disclosed the fact that he does not want his employees to get tired of their work by thinking that every day they are following instructions and working, instead of them he wants his employees to get involved in the decision making process and helping him in management work of the company. The path-goal theory of leadership states that the behaviour of the leader should motivate the employees and the leader must compliment and supplement the good and bad things of the work place (Jermier 1996). Dr. Liew said that he is sure about the aim that doing one task reaches and having the involvement of the employees and helping them out with good behaviour will make the result of the work more worthy. The employees will acknowledge the good behaviour of the leader and try to help them out as well in order to prove that he has not made a bad choice by trusting them. He seemed to have agreed with my statement of practising relationship oriented leadership when he said that he wants to be a guide for the employees but at the same time he disagreed about the fact by describing that an organisation cannot move towards its goals unless there are some task allotted and expectations fulfilled by the employees. He unlike me believes that there is no way that the employees will respect him for being a leader if he always focuses on enhancing the employer-employee relationship and misuse his power and behaviour by not working at all. Power and influence: Dr. Liew has seen many ups and downs in his life and that is why life has made him understanding and provided him with the ability with which he can fit in any condition he wants to fit himself in. He believes that using a referent power will help his employees be influenced. He explains the fact how he started working and how he struggled long hours at the medical hall which his father had while he was much younger. Struggling in that situation had made him understand what right attitude for work means and how others will appreciate this hard struggle one day. He knows how we as an employee feel when we have to struggle with long hours of work as he has gone through the same stage in his early life. That is the reason he remains concerned about our work and understands our situation as well. He guides us a parent guides them, which makes it clear that he did not get the same support from his parents at his young age. He is able to set himself as a good influence for many employees and they all have accepted the fact that he is very dedicated towards his work. We as his employees understand his concern regarding work, as he understands our concern and try to help him out with our hard efforts. Factors influencing him to be a good leader: Dr. Liew in the interview mentioned that there is no chosen method, which leads to the way of being a good leader. According to him, adapting in every situation is more important and more important than adaptation is the chosen action that we pursue in our work life. He claimed that effective leadership may change timely but his words relates to situational leadership. He described that to be a good leader a person first need to consider the fact of learning to listen to others and understand them. This is because may be from the person whom we have been asking for work can be facing a lot of challenges in his life and that is why it is better to listen and understand others problem rather than just behaving harsh towards them. A good leader always has the ability to understand the unspoken words of others and relate to their problem as well (Bonnci Cooper 2011). Reflection and improving areas: After making an effective interview with Dr Liew, I came to know that he is having the capability of being charismatic leader. He is successful enough in influencing us positively from his personal life experience. A charismatic relationship occurs at that particular time when followers intend to trust on the positive attributes of a leader (Geberta, Heinitzb, Buengelerc 2016). As per my personal opinion an efficient leader should be concerned on fairly work within the workplace. After making an effective interaction with this personality I got to know that a good leader should be possessed with numerous components. A good leader should have a proper personality who is able to motivate us for succeeding towards the meeting the target. I came to realize that good leader should have the quality of supporting the performance level of employees by implementing motivational theories, strategies and policies. I was enjoying my workplace after being acquainted with this good leader. I was v ery happy in delivering effective services for my organization due to the presence of a good leader. As a leader Dr Liew never intends to impose his own decision on the employees. I was not confident at all in handling the entire process of business if Dr Liew did not stretch his hand towards me and trust on my efficiency (Bonnici Cooper 2011). The primary responsibility of a good leader should be dealing with every negative situation positively. I should never surrender my skill in front of situation. I have learnt from Dr Liew that any kind of difficulties should be dealt with proper skill and competency. Hardships and constraints are the part of business process. I as a professional should deal every single situation effectively. It is undeniable that I am highly influenced at the leadership skill and policy that Dr Liew uses at the workplace. I have come to know different form of leadership styles and models that can be used at my workplace. The situational leadership model indi cates that the structure of the leadership style should be changed according to the task orientation and followers maturity (VecchioGuion 1987). Emotional intelligence differs from one person to another. In this kind of situation, the professionals should use the leadership style as per the temperament level of an individual employee. After conducting the interview of Dr Liew I came to know how to deal with immature professionals at the workplace by maintaining their performance level for achieving the success of business. In order to deal with an immature personality leader should decrease the level of work pressure by maintaining relationship behavior. However, it can be stated that implementation of model or theory cannot render the success of business. The leaders should use the model in the practical field so that a person can realize the pros and cons (Hersey, Blanchard and Natemeyer 1979). Conclusion: As already stated, leadership skill can be learnt theoretically. However, it is undeniable that a leader would not be able to become efficient unless the individual is facing the practical situation and gaining experience from the workplace (Kohler 2016). A good leader should have a proper personality who is able to motivate us for succeeding towards the meeting the target. I came to realize that good leader should have the quality of supporting the performance level of employees by implementing motivational theories, strategies and policies. Effective leadership signifies the mutual understanding between managers and subordinates. I personally feel that we should make a constant observation on the people around us for making them professional for becoming a good leader. References: Bonnici, CA Cooper BS 2011, Creating a Successful Leadership Style Principles of Personal Strategic Planning, Proquest. Deckop, JR, Cirka, CC Andersson, LM 2003, Doing Unto Others: The Reciprocity of Helping Behavior in Organizations, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 101-113, viewed 10 March 2017, SpringerLink Database. Fowler J 2011, Effective Leadership, Nursing Management, vol. 17, no. 9, pp. 38, viewed 13 March 2017, Proquest Database. Geberta, D, Heinitzb, K Buengelerc, C 2016, Leaders' charismatic leadership and followers' commitment The moderating dynamics of value erosion at the societal level, The Leadership Quarterly, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 98108, viewed 13 March 2017, Elsevier Database. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014). Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Hayton, J. (2015). Leadership and Management Skills in SMEs. Warwick Business School. Hersey, P, Blanchard, K Natemeyer, W 1979 Situational Leadership, Perception, and the Impact of Power, Group Organization Studies, vol. 4, no. 4, pp.418, viewed 12 March 2017, Proquest Database. Jermier, JM 1996, The path-goal theory of leadership: A subtextual analysis, The Leadership Quarterly, vol. 7, no. 3, pp.311-316, viewed 13 March 2017, Elsevier Database. Kohler, R 2016, Optimization of leadership style : new approaches to effective multicultural leadership in international teams, SpringerLink. Lucas, JW Baxter, AR 2011, Power, Influence, and Diversity in Organizations, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, vol. 638, pp. 49, viewed 11 March 2017, Sage Journal Database. Nahavandi, A. (2016). The Art and Science of Leadership -Global Edition. Pearson. R?ducan, R., R?ducan, R. (2014). Leadership and management. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 149, 808-812. Salancik, GR Pfeffer, J 1977, Who gets power and how they hold on to it: A strategic-contingency model of power, Organizational Dynamics, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 3-21, viewed 15 March 2017, Elsevier Database. Vecchio, RpGuion, R 1987 Situational Leadership Theory: An Examination of a Prescriptive Theory, Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. 72, no. 3, pp.444-451, viewed 13 March 2017, EBSCOhost Database.

Synopsis Computer and Online Hotel Management Essay Example

Synopsis: Computer and Online Hotel Management Essay University of Agriculture, Faisalabad Department of Computer Science Synopsis for M. Sc. Degree in Computer Sciences Title: Online Hotel Management System for The Pizza Shop, D-Ground, Faisalabad Name of the student: Registration No. : Abstract The purpose of this system is the development of a web-based system for managing information of The Pizza Shop, D-Ground, Faisalabad. This system will able to handle the menu selection and bill payment deal accurately and efficiently. This system will have a central database for its all branches. It will solve the problem of existing manual system which is difficult to serve and ordering services table. The proposed system will allow online ordering effectively and efficiently to customers and will provide immediate delivery. Customers can pay bills at delivery time. The proposed system will be easy to use to manage and more convenient for customers when placing order. It will have a number of facilities to select or check the menu items and payments will also provide on interface to handle all transactions easily. The SQL or MYSQL Server will be used as a database backend database and PHP or ASP as frontend for programming user applications. University of Agriculture, Faisalabad Department of Computer Science Synopsis for M. Sc. Degree in Computer Sciences Title: Online Hotel Management System for The Pizza Shop, D-Ground, Faisalabad Date of Admission:October, 2010 Data of Initiation (Research):After approval Probable Duration (Research):4 Months PERSONNEL: a) Name of the student: b) Registration No. : c) Supervisory committee i)(Supervisor) ii)(Member) iii) Mr. Muhammad Zafar Iqbal(Member) Introduction t present the hotels and restaurants are using the manual system. They recorded by hand in registers and notebooks. The physical system has a number of shortfalls. Customers can select any items using the planned system. The database administrator in the administrative headquarters will entitle customers to a limited use. All branches sent daily reports to the main branch and manage record effi ciently. The data will be centralized at the main branch. Accurate information extracted by the choice of good database. Writing accurate statement will helps for getting precise information about the records good database keep records in well manner. We will write a custom essay sample on Synopsis: Computer and Online Hotel Management specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Synopsis: Computer and Online Hotel Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Synopsis: Computer and Online Hotel Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Database backbone of every organization, insertion deletion and updation define in easy way. Correct information and good database going equivalent for precise result (Gogolla, 2007). The computer is converted in a need of the day. Because computers are involved in all areas of life, therefore, control of project managers is controlled by computers. The systems are based on computer are very helpful in solving difficult problems. Large amount of data and complex calculations and repetitive tasks fall into the domain of computer use (Varshavsky, 2007). Many companies experienced the impact of new technologies in the 1980s and early 1990s. It has recently been realized that the technologies are converging, raising more primary skill and resourcing. Technology while still de-skill a large number of jobs. The emphasis has shifted from people with technical staff to use sophisticated computer technology and display high levels of customer service (Nuseibe, 2010). The main purpose of this research is to facilitate customer orders online selection, online bill payments and facilitate customers by offering fast order delivery. All data management due to centralized data effectively. The system will provide quick access in an easy to obtain the necessary information about the current state of the restaurant. The state will tell you about different deals offered by the restaurant. Different types of data are provided by the generation of reports that help in making decisions on the basis of these reports. Objective The main objective of developing the proposed system is to facilitate the customer by the easy accessibility and convenience, the user interface will so easy to use that customers can place orders, and can go through hotel information online 24 / 7. Review of Literature Al-Ahmad (2006) recognized that Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) can be explained as a model for building software. In OOP, a program execution is considered a physical model, simulating either a real or imaginary part of the world. In OOP, concepts in the classification (things, behavior, relationships, etc. ) and real phenomena (special cases of aircraft, flight, security stocks, etc. ) are represented as classes and objects, respectively, in the model of computer system. In OOP, key concepts are modeled as classes that are ordered hierarchically so that a new class (subclass) is generally defined based on a given class (super class) using inheritance. Dhamayanthi and Thangavel (2006) adopted the framework. NET is a set of products for the development and management of systems with tiered architectures and object oriented. A framework generally include several design patterns is too . NET, The Assist patterns composing the frame architecture suitable for many different applications without redesign. An additional advantage is that the framework recognizes the design pattern you use. This paper is intended to present . NET versions for selected structural patterns. With the seven structural patterns discussed by Gang of Four (GOF), five are discover with the help of . NET framework. Gogolla et al. (2007) stated that Unified Modeling Language (UML) It provides significant today as a standard for software development. UML tools however provide light support for model validation and inspection in the early stages of development. Nor is there significant support for the Object Constraint Language (OCL). We present an approach for the support of UML models and OCL constraints based on animation and documentation. The purpose tool (UML-based environment under) supports analysts, designers and developers in executing UML models and OCL constraints examination and therefore allows them to employ model-based techniques for software decision. Thomas et al. (2008) said the structured query language (SQL) is a language used with interactive usual relational databases. A SQL statement is a unit of execution that returns a single result set from a database. An exhibition is the result of a software glitch that gives an attacker access to a computer system involuntary. SQLIV allow entry attacker to modify SQL structure via a SQL injection attack (SQLIA), which changes the logic of the SQL statement. An attack is a sequence of actions that exploit the vulnerability, often with devastating consequences. A SQLIA is a SQL injection attempt characters and / or keywords in the entrance of a SQL statement to modify the structure of the statement Koopmann (2009) explained that a word of caution with new unseen index function to be attentive to the other indexes created or changed without your knowledge invisible. If you have to watch over SQL index structures which now have to add checking this column visibility or else you will not see the full picture of the indexes that are being maintained by DML but do not contribute to the selectivity. This could become a nightmare for hidden applications when doing a lot of insertion, updating or deletion. Farooq (2010) reported that The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is an Object Management Group. Object-oriented. Modeling information standard. it consists of a set of notations for modeling systems diversity of viewpoints and at different levels of generalization. While the UML reflects some of the best models Object-oriented modeling experiences presented, there is a lack of semantic precision that is essential whether to use the notations to exactly model systems to cause severe and on the models. Zaveri and Hammerstrom (2010) discribed (SQL) Structured Query Language that is used to match the database middleware on these classes and modules database applications are one of the largest domain software and most important in the world. Some of the classes or modules in such applications are responsible for database operations. SQL is used to exchange a few words with the database middleware on these classes or modules. It can be issued interactively or attached to a host language. The objective of this work is expected to software development defects in PL / SQL SQL files using metrics. Based on actual project data desert, The SQL metrics are empirically validated by analyzing its association with the probability of error detection through PL / SQL files. Ruparelia (2010) explained a web application server assistances a standard HTTP web server applications from a standard Web server to perform a variety of tasks, such as form processing and database access. The predominant Web application server for the popular open source Apache Web server is PHP (PHP Hypertext Preprocessor). This document provides an overview of the PHP programming language and its important functionality, including form testing and database access. The paper also discusses campus applications of PHP, including campus service projects, a field of computer science in the development of web applications and student projects. Liu (2010) said it is a popular result premise SQL database that can’t transmit recursive queries, such as skill range; in fact, a new building was added to SQL3 to overcome this limitation. However, the indication of this state is usually given in the form of a reference to the evidence that relational algebra can’t express such queries. SQL, on the other hand, in all its implementations has three aspects that differ fundamentally from relational algebra: namely, grouping, arithmetic operations, and aggregation. Allison (2011) reported that development is an object-oriented analysis and software design approach where system designers assume in terms of things instead of operations and variables. This involves designing object classes and relations between these classes. A class module is an idea that provides a model for the attributes and services that the object is. An object is an occurrence of the class module. Materials and Methods There are many problems in the manual system, because this system of web-based information is entered and also able to know the data is maintained in the computer system. There are many ways through which can be developed software application. All business organizations so that you can easily recover, and the management system database is useful for these tasks. Reduced time consumption by using computerized systems. This is responsible for these tasks. Tabular data will be manipulated by giving orders (Sharifian, et al. 2011). The graphical user interface will be used as the front end, and developed in PHP or ASP. SQL server is used for background design, storage and handling of data. Different reports are generated as required. Data redundancy is removed by the SQL server (Rao and Babu, 2009). The method will be used water fall in the hotel management system. In the waterfall process method includes the identification and selection of projects, project initiation and planning, analysis, design, implementation and maintenance. In the first phase of the information needs of the system will be identified. After the first phase the gantt chart will be developed as a timeline for the determination of the task in the project initiation and planning phase. During analysis phase the investigation will be carried out, including the exchange of ideas on software, which will be going to be and what purpose will be fulfilled. Then, the logical design phase information system will be designed for the user interface. The interface plays an important role in connecting the user with the system. In the last the phase of the waterfall model, where the complete software will be given to the customer after the test. After that software has been implemented at the clients site, it will be the duty of the software development team to carry out routine maintenance activities by visiting the customer. LITERATURE CITED Al-Ahmad, W. 2006. A framework for conceptual modeling in OOP. Journal of the Franklin Institute, 343(221): 532-544. Allison, C. and N. Liddle. 2011. OOP: the rest of the story. Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges, 27(2): 77-84. Dhamayanthi, N. nd P. Thangavel. 2006. Structural Design Patterns and . NET Framework 2. 0. Journal of Object Technology, 5(8): 59-80. Farooq, S. U. and S. M. K Quadri. 2010. Software Testing-Goals, Principles, and Limitations, Verification and Validation. International Journal of Computer Application, 6(9): 7. Gogolla, M. , F. Buttner and M. Richters. 2007. A UML-based specification environment for validating UML and OCL. Journal of Sci ence of Computer Programming, 7 (13): 7. Han, T. , C. Woo and J. L. Zhao. 2008. Recent advances in information technology and systems in the Internet-era. Decision Support Systems, 45(4): 663-664 Koopmann, J. 2009. Oracle Invisible Indexes and Index Usability, Create an index in production have not always been soundly rooted. Journal of database knowledge center for database professionals, 21(9): 81-82. Liu, C. 2010. Measuring and prioritising value of mobile phone usage. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 8(1): 41-52. Nuseibeh, B. 2010. Weaving Together Requirements and Architecture. Journal of IEEE Computer, 34(3): 117-125. Poole, L. 2005. Cellular Communications Explained From Basics to 3G. Oxford, Chapter 6 – GSM, 79-102. Rao, K. P. and G. A. Babu. 2009. Microsoft C# . NET program and electromagnetic depth sounding for large loop source. Journal of Microsoft . NET Program and Electromagnetic Depth Sounding for Large Loop Source, 35(7): 1369-1378. Ruparelia, N. B. 2010. Software development lifecycle models. Newsletter ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes, 35(3):8-13. Sharifian, S. , Seyed, A. M. and Mohammad, K. A. 2011. A predictive and probabilistic load-balancing algorithm for cluster-based web servers Original Research Article. ournal of Applied Soft Computing, 11(1): 970-981. Thomas, S. , L. Williams and T. Xie. 2008. On automated prepared statement generation to remove SQL injection vulnerabilities. Journal of Information and Software Technology, 51(3): 589-598. Varshavsky, A. , E. D. Lara, J. Hightower, A. LaMarca and V. Otsason. 2007. GSM indoor localization, Journal of Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 3(6): 698-720. Zaveri, M. S. and D. Hammerstrom. 20 10. Performance price estimates for cortex-scale hardware: A design space exploration. Journal of Neural Networks, 24(3): 291-304.

Madonna Essays - Madonna, Pop Ballads, Like A Prayer, Oh Father

Madonna Born August 16, 1958 in Bay City, Michigan to a lower-middle class Italian-Catholic household, Madonna Louise Ciccone was the third eldest daughter born. Her father Chrysler engineer Sylvio (Tony) Ciccone and French-Canadienne Madonna Fortin, for whom the future superstar was named "Veronica" was added to her name for confirmation. While at a young age of five, Madonna's world fell apart as her mother struggled to a long process of breast cancer on December 1, 1963. Gathering strength from the tragedious loss of her mother, Madonna took a role of the head female of the house. She constantly competed with her other siblings for attention and eventually became her father's loved one. Madonna turned her perfect self into a bitter one when Sylvio married Joan Gustafson, the family's housekeeper, three years after his wife's death. The child resented her father's betrayal and wouldn't accept her step-mother authority. While going through tough times, Ms Ciccone developed a passion for the arts. Madonna acted in high school productions, but ultimately dance became her interest in her childhood life. In addition to being a cheerleader, Madonna took up ballet classes while attending Rochester Adams High School. She found a mentor in dance instructor Christopher Flynn, who introduced her to the world of spunkiness and sophistication at Detroit gay clubs. Madonna's wild sexuality made her fly sky high! She went on dates with guys, had her first rape encounter at 14 and toyed with the idea of lesbianism and practiced mutual things with her female classmate. Having excellent academic performance in addition to her dancing skills, Madonna graduated early in 1976 with a dance scholarship to the University of Michigan, where she studied poetry and dance. There, she had her first acquaintance with Steven Bray. Bray was a black drummer in an R&b band , and she began to attend his gigs. Finally, after spending just five semesters at U of M and the encouragement of Flynn, the nineteen-year-old set off to realize her dream. Despite her fathers dreams, Madonna began her world wide adventure, looking for roles where she could not only dance but sing also. Later on back in Queens, the Gilroys started The Breakfast Club in the fall of 1979 with Madonna on drums. That failed when the lead guitarist stopped the band. Madonna went to write and record dance/disco-oriented tracks with Bray and performed them at downtown clubs. She was quickly spotted by DJ Mark Kamins at the latter club. Madonna presented a four-track demo to him, he immediately made a deal and signed contracts. Madonna's self titled debut album was a mixture of sexy attitude, and streetwise sass. Her bare midriff, weird costume jewelry, and her I-don't-care attitude helped to make her unique personality that the world would get to know her as. Her first version of Everybody, released as Madonna's first single at the end of 1982. Her second single camde from the debut album, Physical Attraction also proved to be a club favorite. In June 1983, Madonna had her 3rd club hit with the outstanding, Holiday, which was produced by her new boyfriend, dance pop mix-master John Benitez. The following month, Holiday became her first billboard Top 40 hit. After that happened, Madonna had been certified quadruple-platinum with sales 4.4 million units in the US and 3.3 million units internationally. By the end of 1884, Madonnas second studio album, Like A Virgin was ready to be released. This album featured her songs Material Girl and Dress You Up. The album scored her first #1 hit and gold single in Dec of "84". To date, Like A Virgin has achieved 10 platinum certifications for sales exceeding 10 million units in the US. Late in 1984, Madonna began working on her first starring role in a film, Susan Seidelman's Desperately Seeking Susan, where she played a naive housewife. It was success in 1985 and brought out her musical talent to the world. In February of of 1985, Madonna made a brief appearance in Vision Quest as a nightclub singer, which scored her the second #1 hit and gold single for her career for the song Crazy For You, which also topped the charts in May. One of Madonna's highlights was meeting Sean Penn in 1985 shooting the video for Material Girl. After the song hit #2, Madonna kicked off the Virgin Tour in Seattle. It was her first set of 35 US concert dates, with Patrick Leonard as musical director and the Beastie Boys as openers. Not only did Madonna have a wonderful voice and performance but she didn't

Afghanistan,War,and Children

Afghanistan,War,and Children Free Online Research Papers Afghanistan has been in a continuous state of civil war since the 1970’s. As is known, war affects all aspects of life. The Afghan war has affected billions of people worldwide and quiet possible has had its biggest effect on the children of Afghanistan. About half of the country’s population is under the age of 18, which means 15 million children. Out of that 15 million, 5 million are under the age of 5 (UNICEF). The children of Afghanistan lead dangerous and tortured lives because of these wars. Afghanistan lacks proper child labor laws, health and nutrition programs, and the education that is necessary for these children to grow into civilized citizens of their country. Globally, there are 215 million children against whom the act of child labor is committed (12 June World). In Afghanistan, this problem worsens by the day. Because of all the wars, especially after the Soviet and Taliban invasions, many of the men and women were wounded. These invasions also left many children orphaned and left to survive the streets alone. Those children became adults, adults who grew up without proper schooling and who, for the most part, are illiterate. While those adults survived decades of war and violence they do not possess the education, and/or professional skills to use in the workforce to be able to provide for their families. The children are forced to step up and go out into the workforce. They become the main, and in some cases, the sole, breadwinner for their families and continue the cycle contributing high poverty and low literacy. Some estimate that as much as 30 percent of school aged children are now in the workforce, of that 30 percent, 21 percent are employed in shops and 13 as street vendors. They work 12 hours a day, 7 days a week, and can be found doing anything from working on plantations to repairing vehicles, tailoring, and farming (Mohd). In Kabul, and many other major cities of Afghanistan, these children shine shoes, beg, clean cars, sell plastic bags, scrap metal, paper, and firewood on the streets. A child’s rights officer at the Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission (AIHRC) says, â€Å"Both male and female children have been the increasing victims of war and criminality in Afghanistan but the government has not done enough to alleviate their hardship and to reduce their deprivation.† (Mohd) Efforts to reduce the child labor rates are underway. According to Article 28 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, every child has the right to education, and free education should be accessible to all children on the basis of equal opportunity. (Yecha) Afghan law also mandates education up to the ninth grade and provides free education up to university level. Afghanistan also made plans in 2006 at the London Convention to have 50 percent of girls and 75 percent of boys enrolled in school by the end of this year. Also, in March of 2010, UNICEF and the Afghan Ministry of Foreign Affairs signed the UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund) Country Programme Action Plan for 2010-2013. (Ayari) Because security in the country is well, insecure. The programme is geared toward â€Å"fast track high-impact interventions† that will tie in with existing development programs, emergency response planning, and that are aimed at accessing areas in disadvantaged communities. Over the next 4 years, 400 million dollars will be spent bettering the country for the future generation. However, child labor is not the only, and definitely not the biggest concern for Afghan children. According to Save the Children, In Afghanistan, it is more likely that a child dies before the age of 5, than it is for the child to ever see adulthood. Nearly 6o percent of Afghani children will die from illness that could have been prevented because of lack of nutrition and lack of access to clean water (One Fourth). Although there are ‘conflict zones’ like Helmand that are the most heavily aided places in the world, there are many families that are outside of these zones that are unable to access food and clean water for their children and yet there is no shortage of food in most parts of the country (McCarthy). Diarrhea and respiratory diseases are major causes of child mortality. Often the main problem is bad hygiene, said Eric Ouannes the head of mission for the French aid organization Action Contre la Faim. More often than not, the problem is bad hygiene and lack of p roper care of the resources the people have. There is no need to alert the world to an impending famine, he says. But there is a need to look closely at health care issues over the long term (McCarthy). The second pillar in UNICEF’s Country Programme Action Plan addresses health care and nutrition. It includes implementing new health, nutrition, and hygiene programs as well as educating communities about prevention interventions. (Ayari) Although improper food and nutrition and an elaborate case of over working of Afghan children has proved life threatening physically, the lack of education in Afghanistan will prove fatal to the country as a whole. Because of the Taliban, girls were not allowed to attend schools and the boys were sold into the military. That generation of children that grew up during the reign of the Taliban has been denied their basic rights to better themselves and thus, better their country. Now because they do not possess the skills needed to survive in the working world, their children are also missing out on schooling to become child laborers and provide for their family instead of attending class and making a more permanent impact. And the cycle continues. Over 70 percent of the population in Afghanistan is currently illiterate. With a sheer lack of schools and the socio-religious mindset that is Afghanistan today; 15 million children are deprived of an education (Afghan Children Deprived). In areas where there are schools, the teachers are underpaid, overworked, and unqualified. Classes must be held in tents, or under trees, outdoors on footpaths, but what happens during bad weather conditions that make it impossible for the children to focus on their learning? Even these spaces become virtually unusable in the worst of conditions. Slowly but surely, the education crisis in Afghanistan is being addressed by both the Afghan government, and organizations helping in the aid of the country. Since 2001, the enrollment of girls in school has gone from 3 percent while the Taliban was in power, to one-third of all students (Afghan Children’s Plight). However, with enrollment reaching new heights, so is the concern for suicide bombings and air strikes from US and NATO forces in, on, and around schools. The new Afghan law declares mandatory education up to the ninth grade and provides free education up to the university level. In 2006, at a conference held in London, Afghanistan government set up goals to have 50 percent of girls and 75 percent of boys in school by the end of this year. (Yecha) This also goes hand in hand with bringing the child labor rates down. If Afghanistan can educate their children and get them off of the streets working, Afghanistan will be in a much better place. UNICEF’s Country Pr ogramme Action Plan also addresses educating some of the worse off communities about prevention of some illnesses in its second pillar (Ayari). In the long run, that will be the answer to Afghanistan’s problem. Education. We as Americans take lightly all that we are offered here in this country; especially what is available to our children. Our government provides food, clothing, living expenses, social security, etc. Granted, our government is not perfect, but here we have been blessed with the â€Å"right† to address our government with our concerns and to see something be done about it. American children, unlike the Afghan children, are protected by child labor laws, running water, and everything necessary readily available for their health and education. The children of Afghanistan are the ones that will make the difference for their country. By educating the up and coming population of the country we can teach them to be self sufficient. By giving the future generation an education, we provide the country with the doctors, nurses, teachers, government officials they need to bring Afghanistan to a better place in the future. â€Å"The young are the only ones that can rehabilitate our count ry, because you cannot start over with the old generation.† Shafiq Popal, 30, leader of a youth organization. By bettering one country, we better our entire world. â€Å"Afghan Children Deprived of Rights.† Daily Outlook Afghanistan 20 Nov. 2009: n. pag. General OneFile. Web. 7 July 2010. During the 3 decades of war in Afghanistan, 300,000 children died. A large number of the children that die each year are due to malnutrition and 1/3 of landmine victims in Afghanistan are children. On top of that there are tragic living conditions that affect all aspects of the Afghan children’s lives. The lack of schools and the socio-religious mindset of people deprive 15 million Afghan children of their education. According to Action Aid, the majority of children are working to help support their families, and most of those children are the sole ‘bread winner’ for their families. There are 200,000 Afghan children with disabilities, for which the government has no benefits or aid for. The government needs to work to help these children and enact laws that ensure that their rights are not being violated and they can live fulfilling happy lives, as children. The Daily Outlook Afghanistan is the first English, independent newspaper in Afghanistan. It is read nation-wide with 100,000 circulated daily by Afghanistan Group of Newspapers. They are an independent media group that also published Daily Afghanistan, one of the largest newspapers in Afghanistan. Because a lot of the population is illiterate, Daily Outlook Afghanistan is mainly read in embassies, NGO’s, UN Agencies, educational institutions and other organizations. Both the Daily Outlook and Daily Afghanistan go to 32 or 34 provinces in the country. Some of the statistics and facts in the article were used to show the horrible living conditions of the Afghan children. The numbers the article quotes from ActionAid show that child labor is a huge problem in Afghanistan and something must done about it. â€Å"Afghan Children’s Plight.† Daily Outlook Afghanistan 12 May 2010: n. pag. General OneFile. Web. 7 July 2010. In this article the author addresses the dangers that Afghan children face in Kabul today. He/she talks about how security in Afghanistan has gone down causing major concerns for the Afghani people, especially children. Martin Bell, UNICEF’s UK ambassador comments that although there has been ‘great progress’ in health, nutrition and education sectors in recent years, the children of Afghanistan are â€Å"at more risk now then they have been since 2002.† Since 2001, the enrollment of girls in school has gone from 3 percent while the Taliban was in power, to one-third of all students. With enrollment going up the concern for suicide bombings and air strikes from US and NATO forces are raising concerns, not only for citizen causalities, but also those involving schools. British Prime Minister, Gordon Brown, believes that Afghanistan is the frontline state against the Taliban, and therefore appreciates all the efforts against terrorism there. He says that the work being done there is â€Å"important bulwark against terrorism everywhere in the world.â€Å" The Daily Outlook Afghanistan is the first English, independent newspaper in Afghanistan. It is read nation-wide with 100,000 circulated daily by Afghanistan Group of Newspapers. They are an independent media group that also published Daily Afghanistan, one of the largest newspapers in Afghanistan. Because a lot of the population is illiterate, Daily Outlook Afghanistan is mainly read in embassies, NGO’s, UN Agencies, educational institutions and other organizations. Both the Daily Outlook and Daily Afghanistan go to 32 or 34 provinces in the country. The author states the importance of the efforts in Afghanistan and other countries to rid the world of terrorism. In my paper I used Martin Bell statement that says although there is some progress, there is still a lot that need to be done. While enrollment in schools has gone up for both boys and girls, security is still a big issue. Ayari, Farida. â€Å"New Country Programme Helps Children Achieve Their Rights in Afghanistan.† UNICEF. Ed. UNICEF. N.p., 4 Mar. 2010. Web. 14 July 2010. On February 25, 2010, UNICEF and the Afghan Ministry of Foreign Affairs signed the UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund) Country Programme Action Plan for 2010-2013. (Ayari) Because security in the country is well, insecure. The programme is geared toward â€Å"fast track high-impact interventions† that will tie in with existing development programs, emergency response planning, and that are aimed at accessing areas in disadvantaged communities. Over the next 4 years, 400 million dollars will be spent bettering the country for the future generation. UNICEF stands for the United Children’s Fund. UNICEF was created with this purpose in mind – to work with others to overcome the obstacles that poverty, violence, disease and discrimination place in a child’s path. UNICEF has global authority and the power to influence great decision makers through its many partnerships. It is this that puts UNICEF in such a valuable role as an advocate for children’s rights all around the world. Information from this article was used to explain what UNICEF’s Country Programme Action Plan was, and how it is being used to help the children in Afghanistan live better lives. Mohd, Ahsan. â€Å"Will the Suffering of Afghan Children End?† Daily Outlook Afghanistan: n. pag. General OneFile. Web. 8 July 2010. Because of long term wars and conflicts in Afghanistan like the Soviet Invasion and the harsh rule of the Taliban many Afghan children were orphaned and left to survive on their own. Those children became adults, adults without schooling who are illiterate. And while those now adults have survived years and years of war and violence they have no professional skills to use now that they are adults. Those adults now contribute to the high poverty level and their children are now responsible to go and work for a living continuing the cycle. In Afghanistan, 21 percent of child workers are employed in shops; 13 percent work as street vendors. They work 12 hours a day, 7 days a week. They do jobs such as vehicle repair, metal workshops, tailoring and farming. In Kabul and many other major cities of Afghanistan, there are children who shine shoes, beg, clean cars and collect and sell scrap metal, paper and firewood on the street for extra money. A child rights officer at the Afghanistan In dependent Human Rights Commission (AIHRC) says, â€Å"Both male and female children have been the increasing victims of war and criminality in Afghanistan but the government has not done enough to alleviate their hardship and to reduce their deprivation.† Something must be done to bring security back to this country so these children can break the cycle and bring Afghanistan back. The Daily Outlook Afghanistan is the first English, independent newspaper in Afghanistan. It is read nation-wide with 100,000 circulated daily by Afghanistan Group of Newspapers. They are an independent media group that also published Daily Afghanistan, one of the largest newspapers in Afghanistan. Because a lot of the population is illiterate, Daily Outlook Afghanistan is mainly read in embassies, NGO’s, UN Agencies, educational institutions and other organizations. Both the Daily Outlook and Daily Afghanistan go to 32 or 34 provinces in the country. This article has a lot of useful information in regards to child labor in Afghanistan. AIHRC is quoted saying that the government is not doing enough to alleviate the hardships that the children (and their families) are facing. This among some of the other facts and figures were used in the paper. â€Å"One Fourth of Children Die before the Age of Five.† Daily Outlook Afghanistan: n. pag. General OneFile. Web. 8 July 2010. In Afghanistan, children are more likely to die before the age of five than they are to ever see adulthood, according to Save the Children. At the current rate, one child dies every 2 minutes. According to a study done by Save the Children, 2009 brought more deaths to Afghan children than any other year since the fall of the Taliban. The latest figures show that more than 1,050 children’s lives were lost in airstrikes, explosions, crossfire, and suicide bombings. But the war isn’t the only thing that is taking children’s’ lives. Almost 60 percent of Afghani children will die from preventable illnesses because of malnutrition and lack of access to good clean water. Although ‘conflict zones’ like Helmand are among the most heavily aided places in the world, families outside of these conflict zones are unable to access food and clean water for their children. If the World Aids really want to help they need to extend their aid to places outside o f the conflict zones so that so many wars-stricken children do not have to die. The Daily Outlook Afghanistan is the first English, independent newspaper in Afghanistan. It is read nation-wide with 100,000 circulated daily by Afghanistan Group of Newspapers. They are an independent media group that also published Daily Afghanistan, one of the largest newspapers in Afghanistan. Because a lot of the population is illiterate, Daily Outlook Afghanistan is mainly read in embassies, NGO’s, UN Agencies, educational institutions and other organizations. Both the Daily Outlook and Daily Afghanistan go to 32 or 34 provinces in the country. This article was used to show how poor the health care in Afghanistan, especially for the children, really is. It shows that the rate of children dying unnecessarily from preventable diseases. â€Å"12 June, World Day against Child Labor.† Daily Outlook Afghanistan 14 June 2010: n. pag. General OneFile. Web. 14 July 2010. World Day Against Child Labor is observed on June 12 internationally. Eleven years ago the International Labor Organization’s Convention No. 182 was adopted by the international community. In Afghanistan children are not only subjected to various kinds of child labor but also to a lack of security in their country. For most of these families, the children bring in the only source of income, and if the children do not go out and work their family will go hungry. According to a UN report 346 Afghan children were killed in 2009, and if the violence continues the numbers will be worse in 2010. The Daily Outlook Afghanistan is the first English, independent newspaper in Afghanistan. It is read nation-wide with 100,000 circulated daily by Afghanistan Group of Newspapers. They are an independent media group that also published Daily Afghanistan, one of the largest newspapers in Afghanistan. Because a lot of the population is illiterate, Daily Outlook Afghanistan is mainly read in embassies, NGO’s, UN Agencies, educational institutions and other organizations. Both the Daily Outlook and Daily Afghanistan go to 32 or 34 provinces in the country. Some of the statistics and figures in this article were used to help support the fact that child labor is a huge and devastating problem in Afghanistan, and around the world. Yecha, Sher Ali. â€Å"Child Labor in Afghanistan Nothing Done so Far.† Daily Outlook Afghanistan 7 Dec. 2009: n. pag. General OneFile. Web. 7 July 2010. One in six children in the world are exploited and/or abused in child labor. These children are everywhere working in landmines, plantations, and workshops. In Afghanistan this problem grows more several by the day. The problem lies in political tension and inequalities socioeconomically. According to some estimates 30 percents of school aged children are working. After the Soviet and Taliban invasion most of the men and women were wounded. Because of this many of these children are often the only source of income for their families. In Afghanistan, 21 percent of child workers are employed in shops; 13 percent work as street vendors. They work 12 hours a day, 7 days a week. Efforts to reduce to reduce the child labor rates are underway. According to article 28 of the convention on the rights of the child, every child has the right to education and free education should be accessible to all children on the basis of equal opportunity. Afghan Law declares education mandatory up to nint h grade and provides free education up to university level. In 2006, there was a conference held in London where Afghanistan set goals that were to be met by 2010. This plan includes enrollment of 50 percent of girls and 75 percent of boys in schools. The Daily Outlook Afghanistan is the first English, independent newspaper in Afghanistan. It is read nation-wide with 100,000 circulated daily by Afghanistan Group of Newspapers. They are an independent media group that also published Daily Afghanistan, one of the largest newspapers in Afghanistan. Because a lot of the population is illiterate, Daily Outlook Afghanistan is mainly read in embassies, NGO’s, UN Agencies, educational institutions and other organizations. Both the Daily Outlook and Daily Afghanistan go to 32 or 34 provinces in the country. To show what is being done in Afghanistan to try and bring up the rates of children in schools. It discusses the goals of the Convention of Rights of Children and the new Afghan Law. Research Papers on Afghanistan,War,and ChildrenInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Effects of Illegal Immigration19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPETSTEL analysis of IndiaTwilight of the UAWComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoHip-Hop is ArtStandardized Testing

Frequency Response of Networks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Frequency Response of Networks - Essay Example The essay "Frequency Response of Networks" talks about the theory behind frequency response in inductive and capacitive reactances and presents the plot of frequency response of the RC filter and which regions that these filters operate in. Frequency domain analysis is easier than time domain analysis It is important to obtain the frequency response of a circuit because we can predict its response to any Input signal. There are four general types of filters: Low-pass filters (LPF), Band-pass filters, High-pass filter (HPF) and Band-Reject (Stop). In this laboratory experiment, we will plot the frequency response of a network by analyzing RC passive filters. Capacitive reactance derivation from equation Vcos(ω t + p) where V is the amplitude (can be current or potential), ω is the angular frequency, t is time, and ÃŽ ¦ is a phase shift. The current flowing through a capacitor is given by i = C(dv/dt). Naturally, since v = V cos(ωt+ ÃŽ ¦), DV/dt would equal - ω Vsin(ωt+ ÃŽ ¦). Using trigonometric identity we can rewrite sin as cos and get –ωVcos (ωt+ {ÃŽ ¦ -90}) (subtracting 90 degrees from sin to get cosine) by taking the derivative of the voltage and multiplying it by the capacitance we get the current flowing through the capacitor i = - ωCVcos(ωt+ [ÃŽ ¦ -90]). This is in the time domain. In order to derive the impedance/reactance, it must be converted to the frequency domain by writing the voltage and current as a phasor solving using Euler's Identity where ejx = cosx + jsinx j is the imaginary number.

A model of Christian charity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A model of Christian charity - Essay Example Human beings have a tendency to manipulate things in their favor, they take the smallest chance they have and grab the opportunity to live with someone else’s glory for them. John Winthrop made speeches to bring people towards God and reconcile them with God. He came up with strategies make his mission a success, which involved his metaphorical city on hills. The Americans used this concept to magnify themselves become the world’s chosen nation. A model of Christian charity was a sermon delivered by john Winthrop; this was done on board the Arbella in 1630. In the sermon, his aim was to show the true value of puritan faith. The crowd on board was approximately 300 people, all these people were convinced by John Winthrop’s sermon and would soon become the first population of Massachusetts who believed that they were an experiment of freedom and independence in religion. At this time, religious communities were so possessive that people were not given the freedom t o worship in any way they want, they were tie to certain rules within which they were to abide. The sermon convinced all the 300 people that they lacked religious freedom and that they should join the puritan religion, which would give them the freedom they lacked. So those who were aboard the arbella were the first of their kind, they were the first puritan community to reach North America. They had with then the Massachusetts Bay colony charter, which they intended to take to Salem in Massachusetts. The mission was of so much importance to the puritans in Massachusetts. In Britain, however this was seen as an opening to further trading opportunities and chances for expand their colonial posts; the puritans on the other hand were on a mission from God and had no any ill motives. This mission was to test the faith of the puritans; it would really convey their intentions and see if they were genuine or had ill motives, like their counterparts in Britain1. American Exeptionalism, The Jeremiad, And the Frontier: From the Puritans to the Neo-Con Man, is an article written by William Spano, tells how Sacvan Bercovich’s summary helped to understand the concept of the puritan religion. Bercovitch explains that the puritans are like the Jews in the Old Testament who claimed to be God’s chosen people; the puritans were convinced that their movement from Europe was a new revolution to the church. They thought of it as a new inaugural moment for a providential history, this was mainly to rectify the world that had moved away from their creator, and to claim it back. They were on a mission to save humanity and re-establish their relationship with God. They thought they were the tool for reconciliation just like the Jews of the Old Testament united humankind to God. The puritans’ mission in Massachusetts was the ultimate test to see if they were really, God’s chosen people, and a success in the mission would mean that they were indeed the chosen people of God. It is now more than four centuries since the sermon was made and we still see the traces of this experiment, the politicians use it every day, they, however, do not use it to describe America and its role in the global society. The phrase city on a hill is a legend used by American history to refer to the sermon of john Winthrop. The Americans have lived to believe that the sermon in a way insinuated that they were God’s chosen country, in 1961; American president John F Kennedy made a speech in which he referred to Americans as having their eyes on the leadership so that there are no any cases of bad leadership. He referred to it as the city on the hill and everyone looked upon it, meaning that the whole world had their eyes on America. The aim of this speech was to tell Americans that they should be good role models to other countries since they are perceived to be the chosen country, hence should look after the world. This greatly shows the American exeptio nalism. When Winthrop talked about the city on the

Evaluation Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Evaluation Project - Essay Example (Report 5) The report itself utilized many acronyms however, each of these were explained prior to the use of said acronym with the first usage of an acronym being the name of the agency assembling the report, National Incident Command (NIC). Each acronym upon initial use was expanded to show the meaning of the acronym should it be used later in the report. One specific figure was used to assist in visually clarifying the best estimates of what happened to the oil that was released as a result of the incident. This was done on the first page of the report itself. In additional places of the report that may have required charts or figures to help understand the reported estimates and percentages links to alternative locations were given which further clarified the report. The links available did not necessarily clarify the information; the links themselves should have included information that summarized the reason for the links. Additionally the report itself was relatively short wit hout repetitive phrasing or unnecessary information. It could be said that the report was in fact to brief for what was expected of the report. However, the authors did make it clear that they expected additional information to be added as time went on.